Dual Citizenship: Where and Who is Allowed to Get It?

25 February 2022 | Tags: Second Citizenship

Have you decided to apply for dual citizenship, but faced with the task of finding out whether it is allowed in the country of your original and future citizenship? We have published detailed information on how two hundred countries and territories treat dual citizenship in accordance with their laws. You will also learn the identification document of which country with dual citizenship should be used while travelling and where it is possible to obtain dual citizenship in 3-4 months through investment in luxury real estate.

What is Dual Citizenship?

Dual citizenship means that a person has the legal status of a citizen of two states at the same time in accordance with the laws of these countries.

Who is allowed to obtain dual citizenship?

Over the past 20–30 years, there has been a global change in views on dual citizenship from a complete ban to its permission. Currently, 135 countries recognise dual citizenship with all or only a limited number of countries for persons who have acquired citizenship by birth or descent. 5 states do not legally prohibit obtaining citizenship of another country, but at the same time they consider a person as a citizen only of their own country. The legislation of some countries restricts several rights to persons with dual citizenship: for example, it prohibits serving in its armed forces or holding certain government and executive positions.

In 60 states, dual citizenship is prohibited by law, and can also lead to criminal liability or automatic loss of citizenship. Some states make exceptions in certain cases (for example, automatic acquisition by birth) or leave dual citizenship until adulthood, when a person is required to make a choice by renouncing one of the citizenships.

Most countries allow you to renounce your citizenship voluntarily, in other states this possibility is completely absent.

List of countries where dual citizenship is recognised or allowed under certain circumstances.
Albania	Albanian law allows all Albanian citizens to acquire any other citizenship without losing their Albanian citizenship (unless required by the law of the state where the person acquires the new citizenship).
Antigua & Barbuda	Dual citizenship is permitted by the Constitution of the country.
Argentina	Dual citizenship is accepted by Argentina. However, dual nationals are only recognised as Argentine citizens within Argentine territory and must enter Argentina using an Argentine passport, except when travelling with a passport to countries with which Argentina has reciprocal agreements. The country has signed dual citizenship agreements with Italy and Spain. Argentine citizenship cannot be renounced, so an Argentine citizen cannot obtain a passport from a country that requires renunciation of other citizenships.
Armenia	Dual citizenship was allowed in Armenia on February 26, 2007.
Australia	Australian citizens may hold the citizenship of another country or countries if permitted by the laws of those countries, but an Australian citizen within Australia must comply with all Australian laws at all times.
Bangladesh	Dual citizenship is permitted under certain circumstances where the person is not a citizen of a SAARC country. Such Bangladesh dual citizens can apply for a dual citizenship certificate which makes it legal to use a foreign passport, but people are not prosecuted for not applying for such a certificate.
Barbados	The recognition of dual citizenship is enshrined in the Constitution of Barbados.
Belgium	Since 2008, the country’s legislation has allowed Belgian citizens to voluntarily acquire and hold another citizenship without losing their Belgian citizenship.
Belize	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Belize since 2017.
Benin	Benin recognises dual citizenship.
Bolivia	Dual citizenship is allowed in Bolivia.
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina may have dual citizenship in accordance with the decisions on the ratification of agreements between Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries. So far, such agreements have been ratified with Croatia, Serbia and Sweden.
Brazil	Since 1994, Brazilian law has allowed dual citizenship if foreign citizenship is acquired by a person automatically (for example, by birth or descent) or the other country requires naturalisation for the person to remain residing or to exercise civil rights there. In other cases, the Brazilian government can revoke citizenship, but usually does this at the request of a person or in exceptional circumstances.
British Virgin Islands	Residents of the British Virgin Islands are classified as British Overseas Territories citizens and have held British citizenship since 2002.
Bulgaria	Bulgaria only allows dual citizenship for citizens by birth, citizens of the EU, EEA and Switzerland, and spouses of Bulgarian citizens. Naturalised citizens who do not belong to at least one of the aforementioned groups are required to renounce all other citizenships.
Burkina Faso	Dual citizenship is allowed.
Burundi	A citizen of Burundi, who by law has the status of a native, is entitled to dual citizenship.
Cambodia	Cambodia has allowed dual citizenship since 1996. The Parliament of Cambodia in October 2021 adopted amendments to the Constitution that prohibit persons holding high positions in the country, including the Prime Minister, from being citizens of other countries.
Cape Verde	Cape Verde has allowed dual citizenship since 1992. The only restriction on dual citizenship is that the president must only have Cape Verdean citizenship.
Canada	Dual or multiple citizenship is allowed in Canada.
Chad	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Chad since 1962. Candidates for the post of President of the country are prohibited from having dual citizenship.
Chile	Dual citizenship is permitted by Chilean law.
Colombia	The Colombian nationality law recognises that Colombians, either by birth or by naturalisation, may also have other citizenships. Colombians by birth cannot be deprived of citizenship under any circumstances.
Comoros	The 2001 constitution allows dual citizenship in the Comoros.
Costa Rica	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Costa Rica since 1995.
Croatia	Croatian citizens are allowed to have citizenship in addition to Croatian. When obtaining Croatian citizenship through naturalisation, a renunciation of the citizenship of another country is required, if this is allowed under its legislation. But this does not apply in a number of situations: for example, for the descendants of Croatian emigrants, the national interests of Croatia and former Croats who renounced Croatian citizenship in order to work in a profession in another country.
Cuba	In 2019, the Cuban Constitution was amended to provide for the acquisition of another citizenship without losing Cuban citizenship but stipulating that only Cuban law applies to Cuban citizens in the country.
Cyprus	Cypriot citizens are allowed to have dual citizenship.
Czech Republic	Since 2014, citizens of the Czech Republic have been allowed to have dual citizenship, but the Czech government maintains a register of its citizens who have foreign citizenship in addition to the Czech one.
Denmark	Since September 2015, Danish citizens who wish to acquire foreign citizenship can do so without losing their Danish citizenship. In this regard, they do not need to take any action with respect to the Danish authorities.
Djibouti	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Djibouti since 2004. The President of the country is not allowed to have another citizenship.
Dominica	Dominica fully recognises dual and multiple citizenship.
Dominican Republic	The Dominican Republic allows dual citizenship in accordance with the 1994 Constitution.
East Timor	Dual citizenship is allowed in East Timor.
Ecuador	Current legislation allows Ecuadorian citizens who have acquired the citizenship of another country to retain Ecuadorian citizenship.
Egypt	Dual citizenship is allowed with permission from the Egyptian government. The Prime Minister and his family, as well as parliamentarians, cannot have dual citizenship.
El Salvador	According to the country’s Constitution, Salvadorans by birth have the right to dual or multiple citizenship if the laws of the foreign country also allow it.
Fiji	Fiji has allowed dual citizenship since 2009.
Finland	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Finland since 2003.
France	Dual citizenship has been allowed since 1973.
Gabon	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Gabon since 1962. The President must be of Gabonese origin, a descendant of four generations of Gabonese ancestors.
The Gambia	Dual citizenship has been allowed in The Gambia since 2001 for Gambians born in The Gambia. Naturalised citizens of The Gambia are required to renounce citizenship of another country and cannot serve as President of the Gambia. Persons with dual citizenship are prohibited from running for the presidency of the country and cannot serve as a minister in the government.
Georgia	In 2018, amendments were made to the legislation of Georgia, allowing citizens of Georgia to retain their legal status if, before obtaining citizenship of another country, a person receives consent to this from the Georgian authorities. As for children who have received citizenship of another country by birth, they will have a Georgian passport until the age of 18. For further retention of citizenship, the legal representatives of children will have to apply to the Georgian authorities in advance with a corresponding application.
Ghana	Dual citizenship has been allowed since 2000. The government of Ghana obliges its citizens to report the acquisition of citizenship of another country. Persons holding public office or high administrative positions in the diplomatic, judicial, legislative, or security services are generally prohibited from holding other nationality, and the President must be a Ghanaian by birth.
Greece	Greece allows its citizens to have foreign citizenship in addition to Greek.
Grenada	Dual citizenship is allowed.
Guatemala	Citizens of Guatemala may have the citizenship of another country if permitted by the laws of that country.
Guinea-Bissau	Since 2010, dual citizenship has been allowed without restrictions in Guinea-Bissau.
Haiti	In 2012, the Haitian Constitution was amended to remove the ban on foreign citizenship by Haitians.
Vatican City	Dual citizenship is allowed.
Honduras	Dual citizenship agreement signed with Spain. Since 2002, the Honduran Constitution has been amended to allow dual citizenship for Honduran people by birthright, but naturalised citizens cannot have more than one citizenship.
Hungary	Hungary allows its citizens to have foreign citizenship in addition to Hungarian citizenship.
Iceland	As of July 1, 2003, there are no restrictions for Icelandic citizens with dual citizenship.
Iraq	Iraq recognises dual citizenship.
Ireland	Ireland allows its citizens to have foreign citizenship in addition to Irish citizenship.
Israel	Dual citizenship is allowed for any Jew immigrating to Israel who becomes an Israeli by right of return.
Italy	Dual citizenship is allowed in Italy.
Jamaica	Jamaica allows dual citizenship.
Jordan	There have been no restrictions on dual citizenship in Jordan since 1954.
Kenya	Kenyan citizens with dual citizenship must report foreign citizenship within three months of obtaining dual citizenship.
Kiribati	All persons of Kiribati descent may hold dual citizenship, but naturalised persons who did not acquire citizenship by inheritance must renounce any other citizenship.
Kosovo	Recognises dual citizenship.
Kyrgyzstan	A citizen of the Kyrgyz Republic may acquire the citizenship of another foreign state, remaining a citizen of the Kyrgyz Republic, if the acquisition of citizenship of another state does not contradict the legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic and the legislation of a foreign state, or if there are international treaties between the states that have entered into force in the manner prescribed by law, to which the Kyrgyz Republic is a party, on issues of dual citizenship. Dual citizenship in the Kyrgyz Republic is not recognised if a person has citizenship of border states, which include China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. In the presence of citizenship of other countries, the legislation of Kyrgyzstan does not require the renunciation of citizenship of the Kyrgyz Republic. Dual citizenship is prohibited for the president, deputies, judges, law enforcement officers and other positions in public authorities.
Latvia	Since 2013, Latvian citizenship can be retained by persons who have acquired citizenship of countries that are a member of the EU, EFTA, NATO, as well as Australia, Brazil, New Zealand, or upon obtaining permission to retain foreign citizenship from the Cabinet of Ministers, or upon automatic acquisition of citizenship as a result of marriage or adoption. Latvian children can have any dual citizenship, but under the age of 25, for countries not on the list of allowed, you will need to select one citizenship. Citizens of Latvia must report the acquisition of foreign citizenship.
Lebanon	Even though the Lebanese nationality law allows multiple citizenship, a Lebanese citizen who also holds the citizenship of another country may be required to renounce foreign citizenship under the foreign nationality law.
Lesotho	In 2018, the Constitution of Lesotho was amended to allow citizens of Lesotho to hold the citizenship of any other country in addition to their Lesotho citizenship.
Liberia	In November 2021, the House of Liberia passed legislation allowing dual citizenship and sent it to the Senate for approval.
Libya	Dual citizenship is allowed with permission from the Libyan government.
Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein citizens naturalised in another country may retain their Liechtenstein citizenship if permitted by the other country. But renunciation of old citizenship is a prerequisite for naturalisation in Liechtenstein.
Luxembourg	Since 2009, the Luxembourgish government has allowed all Luxembourg citizens to acquire dual (or multiple) citizenship without having to renounce their current Luxembourg citizenship.
Malawi	As of November 2021, changes to Malawi’s laws came into effect allowing its citizens to acquire another country’s citizenship in addition to Malawian citizenship. Citizens with dual citizenship must report this to the Government of Malawi.
Maldives	Dual citizenship is recognised in the Maldives and any Maldivian citizen who acquires citizenship does not lose their original citizenship in the Maldives. Citizens of the Maldives are not required to register or prove their dual citizenship status.
Mali	Since 1995, Malian citizens have been allowed to have dual citizenship.
Malta	Since 2000, under the laws of Malta, there are no restrictions on its citizens who have another citizenship.
Mauritania	Since 2010, dual citizenship has been allowed with permission from the Mauritanian government. Citizens by origin may lose their Mauritanian citizenship for obtaining dual citizenship without the permission of the authorities.
Mauritius	Citizens who acquired Mauritius citizenship by origin are allowed to have a dual citizenship and cannot be deprived of Mauritian citizenship. Naturalised persons are prohibited from dual citizenship, and its presence may be the reason for the deprivation of citizenship of Mauritius.
Mexico	Mexican nationality law recognises that native Mexicans may have other nationalities, but the state will always consider them as Mexican citizens. They must always enter and leave the country as Mexicans, cannot claim protection from a foreign state in certain cases, and cannot hold public office.
Moldova	Moldova allows its citizens to have foreign citizenship in addition to Moldovan citizenship.
Morocco	Morocco has recognised dual citizenship since 1958.
Mozambique	Dual citizenship has been recognised in Mozambique since 2004. The President of Mozambique must only have Mozambican citizenship.
Namibia	Namibian law allows dual citizenship for Namibian citizens by birth or descent.
Nauru	Since 2005, dual citizenship has been allowed in Nauru.
New Zealand	New Zealand allows dual citizenship or multiple citizenship.
Nicaragua	Dual citizenship is regulated by the principle of reciprocity and international treaties. Nicaragua has signed dual citizenship agreements with Argentina, Italy, Spain, and some countries in Central America . Citizens from countries where Nicaraguans are not required to renounce their citizenship in order to acquire another citizenship are entitled to similar treatment, resulting in the removal of the requirement to renounce citizenship in Nicaraguan law. In these cases, the requirement for the loss of citizenship acquired by descent is abolished. Children born abroad who acquire citizenship at birth elsewhere are also recognised as dual citizens. In case their parents are naturalised Nicaraguans, they must confirm their choice of Nicaraguan citizenship upon reaching the age of 16. Nicaraguans must use Nicaraguan documents to enter or exit Nicaragua.
Niger	Niger citizens have been allowed to have dual citizenship since 2014.
Nigeria	Dual citizenship is only recognised for citizens of Nigeria by origin.
North Macedonia	Macedonia allows dual citizenship. Citizens with dual citizenship are considered exclusively Macedonian while in the country.
Norway	From January 1, 2020, dual citizenship is allowed in Norway. A Norwegian citizen who acquires foreign citizenship does not lose Norwegian citizenship.
Pakistan	Dual citizenship is allowed with 21 countries: Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Syria, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USA. Pakistanis with dual citizenship are prohibited from running for public office, sitting in assemblies, participating in elections, or joining the Pakistani military.
Palau	Since 2008, Palau has allowed dual citizenship.
Panama	Citizens of Panama by birthright may have the citizenship of another country and cannot lose or renounce Panamanian citizenship. Naturalised Panamanians cannot hold multiple citizenships and may lose their Panamanian citizenship upon acquiring foreign citizenship.
Papua New Guinea	As of 2014, Papua New Guinea recognises dual citizenship for a limited number of countries: Australia, Fiji, Germany, New Zealand, Samoa, UK, USA, Vanuatu.
Peru	Peruvians by birth who accept the citizenship of another country do not lose their Peruvian citizenship unless they declare a renunciation before the competent government authority.
Philippines	The Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of 2003 (better known as the Dual Citizenship Law) allows native-born Filipinos who become naturalised citizens of another country to retain Filipino citizenship.
Portugal	Portugal allows dual citizenship.
Republic of Congo (Brazzaville)	Dual citizenship has been allowed in the Republic of the Congo since 2002.
Romania	Romanian citizens have been allowed to have dual citizenship since 1991.
Russia	The legislation of Russia does not prohibit having the citizenship of any other state, but it is required to notify the relevant authorities in Russia in writing within 60 days from the date of obtaining citizenship of a foreign state or if you are abroad within 30 days upon your first entry into the country. A citizen of the Russian Federation who also has another citizenship is considered by the Russian Federation only as a citizen of the Russian Federation, with the exception of cases provided for by an international treaty of the Russian Federation or federal law. Russia has signed agreements on dual citizenship with two countries: Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.
Rwanda	Rwanda recognises dual citizenship.
Saint Kitts & Nevis	Dual citizenship was allowed in Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Saint Lucia	Saint Lucia recognises dual citizenship.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Dual citizenship is allowed in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
Samoa	Samoa has allowed dual citizenship since 2004.
São Tomé and Principe	São Tomé and Principe has allowed dual citizenship for citizens from birth in most cases since 2003. The main restriction on dual citizenship is that the president and prime minister must only have citizenship of São Tomé and Principe.
Senegal	Since 2013, Senegal has allowed citizens to have dual citizenship, unless the other country prohibits multiple citizenship.
Serbia	Dual citizenship is allowed in Serbia.
Seychelles	The Republic of Seychelles allows citizens to have dual citizenship.
Sierra Leone	Legislation was amended in 2006 to allow citizens of Sierra Leone to hold the citizenship of another country.
Slovenia	Dual citizenship is allowed for Slovenian citizens by birth or inheritance in most cases. Persons who acquire Slovenian citizenship through naturalisation are required to renounce their former citizenship.
Solomon Islands	Since 2018, dual citizenship has been allowed in the Solomon Islands.
Somalia	While the 1962 Somali citizenship law can be interpreted as prohibiting dual citizenship, dual citizenship is technically possible as the 2012 Constitution takes precedence and stipulates that Somali citizenship cannot be lost.
South Africa	South Africa allows dual citizenship, but citizens over the age of 18 must first apply and obtain permission from the South African Department of Home Affairs to retain South African citizenship before obtaining foreign citizenship, otherwise they risk losing it. With having South African citizenship, using a passport of another state when entering and leaving the country, is considered a criminal offense.
South Sudan	Dual citizenship has been allowed in South Sudan since 2011.
Spain	Dual citizenship is allowed for all Spaniards of origin if they declare their desire to retain Spanish citizenship within three years of acquiring another citizenship. This requirement does not apply when obtaining the citizenship of Latin American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea, Portugal or France, or any other country with which Spain can sign a bilateral agreement. Foreign citizens acquiring Spanish citizenship must renounce their previous citizenship unless they are citizens by birth of a Latin American country, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea, or France. Individuals with dual citizenship of Spain and another country born outside of Spain to a Spanish citizen parent born outside of Spain must declare the retention of their Spanish citizenship between the ages of 18 and 21.
Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka allows dual citizenship.
Sudan	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Sudan since 1993, but those who acquire South Sudanese citizenship lose their Sudanese citizenship.
Sweden	Sweden allows dual citizenship for both natives and naturalised citizens.
Switzerland	Dual citizenship in Switzerland has been allowed since 1992, and when obtaining a foreign citizenship, it is not required to renounce Swiss, unless the legislation of another state also prohibits dual citizenship.
Syria	Dual citizenship is recognised by Syria.
Taiwan	Taiwan allows its citizens to have dual citizenship, but such citizens are prohibited from holding most government positions in the country. However, naturalised citizens are required to renounce all other nationalities, with the exception of certain foreign highly qualified specialists.
Thailand	Under current law, a Thai citizen who was born with a different nationality, a person who naturalised as a Thai citizen, or a Thai citizen who assumes a foreign citizenship can generally retain their Thai citizenship without issue.
Tonga	Since 2007, dual citizenship has been allowed in Tonga.
Trinidad & Tobago	Since 1988, citizens of Trinidad and Tobago by birth or descent have been allowed to hold dual citizenship. Dual citizenship is not recognised in the case of naturalised or registered citizens.
Tunisia	Since 1995, Tunisian law has allowed dual citizenship in most cases. Dual citizenship is prohibited for the President of Tunisia.
Turkey	Dual citizenship is allowed in Turkey, but citizens must inform the government if they decide to take another citizenship. Citizens with dual citizenship are not required to enter and leave the country on a Turkish passport.
Tuvalu	Dual citizenship has been allowed in Tuvalu since 2009.
Uganda	Since 2009, dual citizenship has been allowed in Uganda if permitted by the laws of the other country. The possession of a third citizenship deprives a person of the right to hold dual Ugandan citizenship unless he or she renounces the third citizenship. Entry and exit from the country only with a Ugandan passport. Citizens with dual citizenship cannot hold a number of government and executive positions in Uganda.
United Kingdom	Dual citizenship is allowed in the UK.
Uruguay	Uruguay allows dual citizenship.
Vanuatu	Since 2013, dual citizenship has been allowed in Vanuatu, but only for those who have registered their status with the Citizenship Commission.
Venezuela	Dual citizenship is permitted by the Constitution of the country. Entry and exit from the country only with a Venezuelan passport.
Vietnam	Vietnam recognises dual citizenship in limited cases from July 1, 2009.
Zambia	In 2016, amendments to the Zambian Constitution were adopted to allow dual citizenship but require reporting of citizenship of another country.

 

List of countries where it is not forbidden to obtain citizenship of another state.
Algeria	There is no provision in Algerian law prohibiting dual citizenship. But with a second citizenship, Algerians and their spouses cannot hold certain political and executive positions. Algerian citizens can be deprived of citizenship by committing a crime against national security; in the implementation of actions demonstrating loyalty to another nation; or by committing a serious criminal act, including fraud.
Angola	The legislation of Angola does not prohibit dual citizenship but establishes that the citizenship of another country has no legal effect while staying in Angola. Angolans who acquired citizenship by birthright are protected from involuntary loss of citizenship.
Belarus	In accordance with the current legislation of the Republic of Belarus, the acquisition by Belarus citizens the citizenship of a foreign state does not entail the loss of Belarusian citizenship. At the same time, a person who is a citizen of the Republic of Belarus is not recognised as belonging to the citizenship of a foreign state. Since August 2021, the procedure of losing Belarusian citizenship was implemented for naturalized persons who participated in extremist activities or harmed the interests of Belarus.
Poland	Polish law does not explicitly allow dual citizenship, but possession of another citizenship is allowed, since only its possession does not carry punishment. However, there are penalties for exercising foreign citizenship, such as identifying oneself to Polish authorities using a foreign identification document.
United States of America	US law does not mention dual citizenship and does not require a person to choose one or the other citizenship. A US citizen can naturalise in a foreign country without any risk to their US citizenship.

 

List of countries where dual citizenship is forbidden.
Afghanistan	Afghan law prohibits Afghan citizens from having dual citizenship status.
Andorra	Dual citizenship is strictly prohibited by Andorran law. But Spanish legislation recognises dual citizenship with Andorra.
Austria	Austrian legislation significantly limits the cases when dual citizenship is possible. Obtaining the citizenship of another country at will automatically leads to the loss of Austrian citizenship.
Azerbaijan	Dual citizenship is not allowed in Azerbaijan and anyone who voluntarily applies and obtains foreign citizenship automatically loses Azerbaijani citizenship.
Bahamas	Dual citizenship is not allowed in the Bahamas after the age of 21. Upon reaching the age of majority, citizens of the Bahamas must choose a single citizenship.
Bahrain	The country does not allow dual citizenship, and a person loses Bahraini citizenship upon acquiring foreign citizenship.
Bhutan	Bhutanese citizens who have acquired foreign citizenship cease to be Bhutanese citizens, and their spouses and children may remain citizens, provided that they are permanent residents of Bhutan and are registered annually in the Citizenship Register maintained by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Botswana	Botswana does not allow dual citizenship unless the minor must declare his choice upon reaching the age of majority, or where foreign citizenship is acquired automatically as a result of marriage.
Brunei	Brunei does not recognise dual citizenship. Brunei citizenship can be taken away if a person voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country.
Côte d’Ivoire	Dual citizenship is generally not allowed in Côte d’Ivoire, with the exception of automatically granting citizenship to married women or naturalised persons. Côte d’Ivoire citizens by origin may lose their citizenship for voluntarily acquiring another citizenship or engaging in activities such as voting or holding public office that indicates they are citizens of another country.
Cameroon	Cameroon does not currently allow dual citizenship. Persons may be deprived of citizenship for the voluntary acquisition of dual citizenship.
Central African Republic	Dual citizenship is only permitted if the wife marries a Central African citizen and does not renounce her citizenship by descent. Citizens of the Central African Republic may be deprived of citizenship for having dual citizenship.
China	The People’s Republic of China does not recognise dual citizenship. Citizens are automatically deprived of citizenship upon voluntary acquisition of foreign citizenship.
Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)	Since 2007, there has been a moratorium on the deprivation of Congolese citizenship if citizens of the Democratic Republic of the Congo have the citizenship of another country.
Equatorial Guinea	According to a change in 2011, Equato guinean citizenship is lost voluntarily from the moment of acquiring another citizenship, unless there is an agreement on dual citizenship between the respective country and Equatorial Guinea.
Eritrea	Eritrea does not recognise dual citizenship. The authorities may decide to revoke the citizenship of an Eritrean who voluntarily acquires the citizenship of a foreign country.
Estonia	According to the country’s legislation, an Estonian citizen cannot simultaneously have the citizenship of another state. Children who have received dual citizenship automatically, aged 18-21, must give up one of them. Voluntary acquisition of foreign citizenship and entry into the military or civil service in another state leads to the deprivation of Estonian citizenship. Estonian citizenship acquired by birth is inalienable and cannot be taken away.
Eswatini	Under Eswatini law, dual citizenship is not expressly permitted. When obtaining foreign citizenship, it is possible to voluntarily deprive Eswatini citizenship only of those who received it not by birth.
Ethiopia	Ethiopia does not allow dual citizenship. Ethiopian citizens may be deprived of their citizenship for obtaining the citizenship of another country.
Germany	Although German law is based on the principle of non-admission of multiple citizenship, at the same time it allows for several exceptions to the general rule. By voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign state, German citizens can retain German citizenship, subject to prior permission to retain citizenship from the government.
Guinea	Dual citizenship is not permitted in Guinea for persons who acquired Guinean citizenship at birth.
Guyana	Dual citizenship is prohibited.
Hong Kong	The Hong Kong government does not recognise dual citizenship.
India	The Constitution of India does not allow a citizen to hold both Indian citizenship and citizenship of a foreign country.
Indonesia	Indonesian law does not allow dual citizenship. Citizens of Indonesia may be deprived of citizenship for obtaining the citizenship of another country. Since 2006, dual citizenship has been allowed for children, but those aged 18–21 must renounce one of the citizenships.
Iran	Iran considers Iranian citizens with foreign citizenship only as Iranian citizens.
Japan	Japan prohibits dual citizenship. Children who have received dual citizenship automatically, under the age of 22, must give up one of them.
Kazakhstan	Dual citizenship is not recognised by the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Kuwait	Kuwait does not recognise dual citizenship.
Laos	Laos does not recognise dual citizenship.
Lithuania	Lithuania prohibits dual citizenship.
Madagascar	Dual citizenship is not permitted in Madagascar for Malagasy descent, who may be deprived of their Madagascan citizenship by voluntarily acquiring the citizenship of another country. Naturalised persons may retain their previous citizenship.
Malaysia	Malaysia prohibits dual citizenship.
Marchall Islands	Dual citizenship is prohibited in the Marshall Islands, with a rare exception to the general rule: naturalised citizens on the basis of outstanding service to the nation, and persons who acquired foreign citizenship automatically upon marriage. Children who have received the citizenship of another country automatically after the age of 17 must choose one citizenship during the year.
Micronesia	Micronesia prohibits dual citizenship.
Monaco	Having received foreign citizenship, Monegasques automatically lose their citizenship of Monaco.
Mongolia	Mongolia prohibits dual citizenship.
Montenegro	Dual citizenship is prohibited in Montenegro. An exception is made for those who have obtained Montenegrin citizenship through investment under the country’s citizenship programme.
Myanmar (formerly Burma)	Myanmar does not allow dual citizenship.
Nepal	Nepal does not allow dual citizenship. Upon obtaining the citizenship of another country, Nepalese citizens automatically lose their Nepalese citizenship.
Netherlands	The Dutch government wants to limit dual citizenship as much as possible, allowing it only in a few cases. Obtaining foreign citizenship may result in the automatic loss of Dutch citizenship. In some cases, Dutch citizens may be deprived of their Dutch citizenship.
North Korea	The North Korean government does not recognise dual citizenship.
Oman	The Omani Citizenship Law, issued in 2014, prohibits Omanis from holding another citizenship unless approved by royal decree. In such a case, Omani citizens may be deprived of their Omani citizenship.
Paraguay	If Paraguay does not have a bilateral agreement with another state, it is not allowed to have dual citizenship. Paraguay has only two reciprocity agreements for dual citizenship: with Spain and Italy. Citizenship of Paraguay can be lost when obtaining citizenship of another country. Paraguay does not recognise dual citizenship for naturalised citizens.
Qatar	Qatar does not recognise dual citizenship. Holding another nationality may result in the revocation of Qatari nationality.
San Marino	San Marino does not recognise dual citizenship and any citizen who obtains a foreign citizenship loses San Marino citizenship. Naturalised citizens are required to reside permanently in the country for at least 30 years.
Saudi Arabia	Saudis are not allowed to acquire foreign citizenship without the permission of the prime minister.
Singapore	The Singapore government does not allow dual citizenship. If dual citizenship was obtained by birth or descent automatically, then at the age of 21, you must choose one of the citizenships. Singapore citizens who voluntarily acquire the citizenship of another country may be deprived of their Singaporean citizenship.
Slovakia	Slovakia forbids its citizens from acquiring another citizenship, and if they show the will to acquire another (through a declaration or by any other means of acquisition), Slovak citizenship is automatically lost. Dual citizenship is permitted in all other cases, such as when a person acquired additional citizenship at birth or through marriage, or if they held additional citizenship before becoming a Slovak citizen. If a Slovak citizen has another citizenship, his Slovak citizenship is considered dominant.
South Korea	The Republic of Korea recognises dual citizenship, but only for those who received dual citizenship at birth and by decedent, and at the age of 18 for men and 22 for women, has declared its intention to retain both citizenships for life. When voluntarily obtaining foreign citizenship, adults automatically lose the citizenship of the Republic of Korea from the date of receipt of the naturalisation certificate and are also required to report this change in status to the Ministry of Justice. However, foreigners who become citizens of the Republic of Korea under the immigrant investor programme may retain their citizenship acquired at birth. In addition, expats who have lived in the country for five years, or two years if they are married to a South Korean, can have dual citizenship.
Suriname	Dual citizenship is not allowed in Suriname.
Tajikistan	Dual citizenship is allowed only with countries that have signed a dual agreement with Tajikistan: for example, with Russia. Persons who voluntarily acquire the citizenship of another country automatically lose their citizenship of Tajikistan.
Tanzania	Tanzania does not recognise dual citizenship, with the exception of women who have acquired second citizenship through marriage. Citizens who acquire dual citizenship at birth must renounce any other citizenship or automatically lose their Tanzanian citizenship after 18 years of age.
Togo	Togolese law forbids dual citizenship but allows it for married women who automatically acquire another nationality upon marriage to a foreign spouse.
Turkmenistan	The law on citizenship of Turkmenistan generally prohibits dual citizenship for its citizens. If travellers have dual citizenship, they may be denied exit from Turkmenistan until they renounce their Turkmen citizenship, which can take anywhere from six months to a year.
Ukraine	Ukraine does not recognise dual citizenship. Local authorities will consider persons with dual citizenship entering the country on Ukrainian passports as citizens of Ukraine. Voluntary acquisition of another by a Ukraine citizen is the basis for the loss of Ukraine citizenship. Ukrainian law also states that after obtaining Ukrainian citizenship, a foreign citizen must renounce his non-Ukrainian citizenship within two years.
United Arab Emirates	Dual citizenship is allowed from 2021 in the UAE for a limited group of talented individuals and their families. In case of loss or acquisition of another citizenship, the UAE authorities must be informed without fail.
Uzbekistan	Dual citizenship is not recognised in Uzbekistan.
Yemen	Yemen does not recognise dual citizenship.
Zimbabwe	Zimbabwe does not recognise dual citizenship.

 

Please note that the lists above are based on open-source research and are for informational purposes only. States often change the rules on dual citizenship by amending the legislative framework. Check the website of the government or embassy of the respective country to find out if dual citizenship is currently allowed or if there is a ban on obtaining the citizenship of another state.

With dual citizenship, which passport should I use when travelling?

Having received citizenship, a person has the right to apply for a passport – a state document proving the identity and citizenship of the owner when crossing the borders of the state and staying abroad.

Travellers with dual citizenship usually take both passports with them and use the one that makes it easier to visit a particular country.

In most countries, at the border control when entering and leaving the state, it is required to present the same passport for affixing the appropriate marks or scanning the document. This allows the state to find out whether the foreign guest has overstayed his stay in the country.

When visiting a country where you have citizenship, as a rule, you are required to enter and exit only on the passport of that country. Many states, in case of non-compliance with this requirement, apply one or another punishment: from a fine to criminal liability.

How to get dual citizenship?

Each country sets its own methods and conditions for obtaining citizenship. Individuals may acquire dual citizenship automatically (for example, by birthplace or by right of blood) or upon approval of an application for citizenship of another country (for example, through registration and naturalisation).

Real estate investors have a unique opportunity to diversify their assets and obtain dual citizenship in 3-4 months through the reliable Dominica’s citizenship programme.

An approved property project under the Dominica’s Citizenship by Investment Programme is Anichi Resort & Spa, a member of the Autograph Collection Hotels, a premium brand of the Marriott International hotel chain. The hotel is located along a sandy beach in the north of the island, offering spectacular views of the Caribbean Sea and the mountains of Dominica.

To learn about all the benefits of investing in real estate and obtaining Dominica citizenship, contact us.